RADIO NEPAL

Hot and sunny wow! what a day it was May 20, 2009. again agathering of media first and second year students but this time it's at the entrance of Singha Durbar, we were heading to the Radio Nepal office. Thank you very much, Nirmal sir and Ramchanra sir, without your guidance and help it would't have been so easy.

Well, finally we all moved in and all in that entire spectacular environment grabbed our entire attention. It was the first time I visited Singha Durbar and I was pretty excited. We all then moved to the radio nepal office and the first thing they showed us were the two models of the broadcasting houses ( House.1 and House.2) which was designed by Japan International C-operation Agency (JICA), Japan Broadcasting Co-operation (NHR) with the help of All Japan TV Services Co. Ltd consultancy and Kanematsu- Gosh Ltd, Shimizu Construction Co. Ltd and Toshiba C-operation being the contractor and sub-contractor respectively. The first room we happened to explore was the music room, a large room equipped with various musical instruments. We all enjoyed them. The building also has other studios supposed to be the studios for various programme production, music recording and drama recording as well. Various talk shows programme and news are broadcasted from its own studio. The broadcasting houses even consists of a drama studio, two music studios, one repoting studio, three continuity studios, news studio and seven programme studios. These studios are open for hiring purposes for anyone desirous of recording music for albums. The complex also has one open live theatre facility for different functions and musical performances. There is a music library at the premises of Durbar which has a collection of more than 40,000 songs. Well, that was a great experience that fortunately turned out to be the experience of my exploration. Radio Nepal which I always dreamt of is under my pen today...

One Who Changed My Life

Thirteen years of my school life, full of fun, heavy books, entertainment, seriousness and finally exam fever. I gave a perfect dedication to each of them on their respective field. I was one of the top ten students in my class. I was funny; I was entertaining and sometimes serious and tensed. Boys of my class even called me ‘aushi ka chand’. I was rarely smiley and cheerful. I was hardly sporty; in fact I never got a chance to be familiar with the word Variety. I passed out my schooling and as a high school girl, with balanced intelligence and equally sporty, I was always popular among my friends. My friends always loved my company and it feels really great when somebody in fact appreciates the way you are with people around. My politeness increased rapidly and I started loving myself the way I am. My identity changed to a high pony girl, or miss. Lanky, or whatever. People loved the way I cracked jokes and people hardly remained silent when I was with them but some still had a sort of misunderstanding actually I have a very bad first sight impression on people. It’s not that I really am, but people often judge me wrong at the very first sight. It was the second year of my college and some of our friends had to depart just because we had option to choose, either Physics or Biology. Almost all of my close friends had gone to choose biology. But that did not really matter; I got more close to some of my really good friends. And two of them got closer throughout our friendship journey, they were my best friends. They were a good pair, and were always together. I was pretty much inspired by the bonding they shared. They always shared their problems with me, and that touched me deep inside. Actually the whole years before college I had been sharing a weird friendship although I was good to be, my friends hardly shared things with me, and even if I was so close they never used to give it as a serious matter. They used to get scared if I turned again to an angry man. Sometimes they even put puerile adjective upon me, which made me feel that oh! I’m still not grown up that lessened my emotional power. But then, these two people entered my life and changed a lot. They understood me really well; in fact whenever they have had a fight I would be the one to bring them together again. Jokes apart, they are the one who gave me that emotional touch which gave me the feeling inside that “no, I understand things well, even I can tackle the problems, I can help people with emotions”. Yes, they are the one who changed my life.

Changunarayan Temple

A Brief Introduction
Changunarayan temple is a pagoda style Hindu temple which is located 22 km away from Kathmandu. It is dedicated to Vishnu in his incarnation as Narayan. This temple was originally built in the early 3rd Century during Licchhavi period. During Licchhavi period Changunarayan was named “Dolashikhar Swami” but later during Mallas, “Changunarayan” name came into practice.
This temple stands as the epitome of culture, religion, history and faith of the Kathmandu valley. In the north east corner of the courtyard, there is an idol which depicts Vishnu riding on the back of Garuda. It is the model for the image on the back of the Nepali ten rupee note.

A Short History
It is said that in the past the land where Changunarayan temple stands were full of Chaanp trees. Many cowboys and Brahmins resided in that Chaanp forest. The cowboys reared cattle owned by the Brahmins. Everyday those cowboys visited Brahmins with the milk but suddenly the stopped bringing milk to Brahmins and so the Brahmin tried to inspect on the situation so he went to the place where now Changunarayan temple stands. I is said that there was a Chaanp tree on the spot and suddenly that Brahmin saw a black man appear and suck up all the milk from the cow. Brahmin furiously cut off the black man’s head which caused it to appear with four limbs in the form of Changunarayan. Brahmin got scared and was ready to commit himself for his mistake. And then God Vishnu convinced that it wasn’t his mistake. He then explained to him that many years ago fight took place between god and devils. There was a Brahmin named Sumati who fought from the devil’s side, was killed. For this, Vishnu was wised. His curse was relieved only when a generation from Sumati cuts off his head. And so, he attempted this. He then settled there as Changunarayan who was only worshipped by a Brahmin.
At present, it is believed that only a generation from that Brahmin family can worship and this is still in practice.
Festivals at Changu:
· Baisakh Krishna Amavashya (Jatra held for 8 days)
· Krishna Asthami Rath Yatra
· During Fagu Purnima, Vanshagopal Jatra is held with Vanshgopal (the chariot)

Working Journalist Act,2064

The fact that society is influenced by economic factors while economic processes are largely determined by the social environments clearly proves that the relation between sociology and economics is very intimate. Economics is defined as a study of ordinary business of life or to be more exact it’s the science of wealth in its three phases of production, distribution and consumption. It is thus concerned with the part of individual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with use of material requisites of well being. Economics in other words is concerned with material welfare for the human beings.The working journalist act was made by King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev during his 23rd ruling period in order to provide right and facilities and to the working journalists. On august 2007 the amended bill on the working journalist act was passed by the parliament. The 1995 act has been widely criticized by the professional cricitics for being biased in favor of the owners of the media. According to the newly enacted bill media houses will not be allowed to keep more than 15% of the working journalists on contract basis that must be entitled to provident fund and other facilities being given to parliament journalists. Likewise media houses will have to cover the media treatment and provide compensation to working journalists in case of accident while on duty. A 13 member committee will be formed to determine minimum salary of working journalists. There are provisions in the bill that require media houses to spend a minimum of 1% of their annual income for capacity building activities of the journalists. It is also said that if media houses failing to follow these provisions will be deprived of government advertisement and may even face ban on imports from abroad.Working journalists’ act 2051 was amended in 2062. According to the amendment the person like news reader, program director, translator, editor of language, presenter is also included inthi8s act as journalist. After providing job reporter should be informed in press registration. The weakness for not being able to implement this act goes to government, publication institute and working journalist themselves. Journalist used to work before getting the offer letter. In order to implement this act press council used to give pressure but it is fruitless.

What is Anthropology?

The word anthropology has been derived from two Greek words, anthropos(human being)and logos(study or science). Anthropology is thus the study of science of man. It is the scientific as well as the humanistic study of the origin, behavior, physical and the social and cultural development of humankind. It also studies tools, techniques, traditions, language, beliefs, kinships, values, social institutions, economic mechanism, craving for beauty and art, struggles for prestige. The one who studies anthropology is known as anthropologist. Anthropologist studies human behavior in all places and at all times from the origin and evolution of the species through its prehistoric civilizations, down to the present situation. Texas A&M University began an academic and research program in Anthropology in 1971. Franz Boas, the father of American Anthropology while writing an article on Anthropology in Encyclopedia of the social sciences said anthropology deals with man as a social being. T.K. Penniman in his book “A hundred years of anthropology” (1935) has defined anthropology as the science of man and also the science of history”. Anthropology is thus the study emergence and development of man from physical, cultural and social points of view. There are many branches of Anthropology; some of them are as follows:

Branches of Anthropology
I. Physical Anthropology
II. Archaeological Anthropology
III. Linguistic Anthropology
IV. Economic Anthropology
V. Political Anthropology
VI. Social and Cultural Anthropology



Physical Anthropology

Physical anthropology studies anatomy and biology i.e., race, gender, adaptation. It studies humankind as a biology type, describing physical development over the millennia. It is the branch of anthropology concerned with own relationship to other animals, our derivation and evolution, and our special physical characteristics such as mental capacity, shape of the band, erect posture, etc.. It is related to the study of natural sciences, Zoology-in terms of relationship to other animals and human species in the process of evolution, Biology- in terms of evolution of humans from early pre-human forms; Anatomy and Physiology- in its concern with the structure of human body; Genetics-concern with the variation in the world today and psychology- in the investigation of our mental make- up.



Archaeological Anthropology

Archaeology is the study of antiquities, esp. pre-historic, such as the remains of buildings or monuments of an early epoch, inspiration, implements and other relies, written manuscripts, etc.. The main aim of this branch is to reconstruct the origin spread and evolution of the culture and is done by examining the remains that we are fortunate enough to find of the past societies. Archaeological anthropology offers an opportunity to look into the distant part of the human species and their cultural complexities are re-constructed.


Linguistic Anthropology

Linguistic Anthropology studies the structure of language and historic relationships among them. It deals with the origin of language. It deals with the study of how our language determines the way we order our universe and the way people learn their language.


Economic Anthropology

It deals with the study of economic activities of primitive man in his social and cultural framework. It deals with the way groups of people participate the tribal societies and obtained a living from nature. It not only deals with the distribution of goods but services in the society as well.


Political Anthropology

It deals with a very wide canvas of the political behavior of the people. The traditional tribal panchayat or the modern elected body, the organization of their government, tribal law and justice, etc., are the subjects of the political anthropology.


Social and Cultural Anthropology

Social anthropology is the study of contemporary human cultures. It is the study of natural science of society and comparative study of social systems and working. Social anthropology is mainly focused with the study of understanding people, their cultures and the social system that they have created and lived. Cultural anthropology aims to understand and appreciate the diversity in human behavior.

The Disabled Need Opportunity, Not Sympathy

It was the first day of my college at Kathmandu University. I was pretty excited. I woke up early, dressed up and prepared myself for my first class. It was around 7:30 in the cold morning, I caught a bus to Dhulikhel from Baneshwor stop. I seated myself at the right side window seat. I glanced at my mobile phone and it already showed 7:46. I was pretty scared for my first class, I didn’t want to be late, and because ‘first impression is the last impression’ I believe. Bus stopped for nearly 10 minutes at Koteshwor. Sun rays smoothly trying to pierce off the filthy morning, I could feel the warmth and I doze off. Suddenly my head stroke with the window pane and I gained consciousness. And in a hurry I again glanced at my mobile, and it showed 8:35. Bus stopped for a while at Suryavinayak stop in Bhaktapur. I was trying to comfort myself and suddenly my ear caught someone’s cry. I stood alert but I could see nobody around. I heard him continuously crying “hajoor…namaa-ste…namaa-ste…hajoor…” Since a group of people were rushing inside the bus, my eyes couldn’t catch who he was!! After a while when road cleared out, I saw an old man with defected legs sitting by the roadside and begging for money. He had all his teeth broken except few in the upper jaw of his mouth, that made him rarely clear with his words. That unpleasant view literally stroke and left a churn in me, I then stared at the people’s face that were passing by him, many of them gave a very sympathetic look at him and many could only see his filthy condition but nobody tried to pay concern towards his struggle. Despite of his disability, he’s still able to help himself, it’s just that he’s not able to stand on his own feet but his soul wants the same as we normal people do, that is to live an insipid less life.
I am also a daughter of a disabled father. Although he couldn’t pedal the bicycle, he encouraged me all the way since my first bike ride…he had had many obstacles in his life but we never discouraged him to make his dedications towards his family and disabled people…and I still have a deep heed towards his dedications…
After having experienced that unpleasant view during my travel, it seemed something is still lacking behind in the world of disabled people. I think the efforts buttons needs to be pushed harder, because disabled people needs opportunities, not sympathy. Never discourage them because discouragement will only help them plan to FAIL….

A Wistful Smile

Thoughts that always hover my mind keeps knocking…
Whenever I’m alone, flashes a crowd of memories,
Want to but cannot recall those days,
Except having a wistful smile on my face!

Feelings deep that I bestowed upon new relations,
Bonded in a spectacular way
Swayed over every little swine
In a very sophisticated way.
I want to have those moments back again,
But a sudden jerk strikes my mind,
To bring that wistful smile again.

Because past is past, I cannot have them back,
But memories often project on to my eyes,
Here, blinking eyes asks me to give it a spanking reaction,
And still I have nothing except a wistful smile…

Nepali Film Industry

At present, America has the most successful movie industry, Hollywood. After hollywood, comes the Indian cinema or Bollywood. Bollywood movies are popular in many south asian countries including Nepal. This heavy popularity of bollywood movies has caused serious damage to Nepalese film industry.
Movie making in Nepal started in the 1960's with the patronization from Royal Family. The first movie was "Satya Harishchandra",made by nepalese living in india in 1951. The first successful movie in Nepal was "Aama", produced by His Majesty's Government of Nepal. At the beginning, Nepalese film industry produced quite a number of successful movies like Basanti, Prem Pinda, Maitighar. In 2000, "Caravan" produced jointly by Nepal and France, was nominated for Academy Award.
Nepal movie industry has been operating for more than fifty years but these fifty years were not very smooth. There's high competition with the Indian movies industry. Comparing with bollywood in terms of quality, quantity, technical equipments and know-how, nepalese movie industry is considered as Goliath fighting against a David named 'Bollywood". Five years earlier, condition of the industry was quite good, it produced 55 movies per year. But now hardly 12-15 movies are poroduced at a nose-dive. There were 450 cinema halls out of which only hundreds are operating at present out of which only 11 are operating with permanent license, 38 with temporary and the rest are mobile or make-shift cinema houses. At present, investment per movie is between Rs.3 million and 10 milliopn, which is higher compared to the past. However, present day movie do not have good collection. In terms of making collection, the successful movie of Nepal was "Darpan Chhaya" released 8 years ago, it made a collection of 20 million.
In the past, to record songs a singer had to go to India. Now many music studios have sprung up in Nepal although they are not of that high quality but India is still preffered. Nepali film makers had to hire cameraman, dance directors, make-up man from india,although now the trend is being changed. Before editing, dubbing and mixing were done in India but now newly developed Nepal Film Development Company Ltd. has all the technical facilities. In the film industry of Nepal, the Film Development Company Ltd. is the only one with all the necessary infrastructure needed for film production. "Muna Madan" which was released 8 years ago is one of the recent example.